Mechanical Translation Devoted to the Translation of Languages with the a I D of Machines

Since finishing electronic computers ETLMark III and IV last fall, we have been working on the English-to-Japanese electronic translator and reader for English, and we have just completed pilot models of both machines. With these machines, sentences typewritten in English are automatically translated into Japanese. The machine is instructed to translate English into Japanese in the following manner. 1. For each English sentence, one Japanese sentence is processed. (Sentence-for-sentence translation.) 2. After each word of a sentence has been identified in the dictionary, a decision is made about the part of speech of the word. 3. Suffixes such as -s denoting plural and -ed denoting past are handled according to suffixprocessing orders. 4. We do not work out a corresponding Japanese word directly from an English word, considering required rearrangement of word order. 5. Because there are four kinds of sentences, declarative, interrogative, exclamatory, and imperative and because there are many types of declarative sentences, sentence types and sentence patterns must be identified. This process is called "classification of sentence patterns." 6. To identify the sentence pattern, the subject, verb, object and complements must be sorted out. The logical process is carried on until the fundamental structure of the sentence conforms to any one of the following five fundamental sentence patterns, setting aside modifiers consisting of unneeded words and phrases such as the adjective preceding the noun and the prepositional phrase following the noun.